Instances of a React Component are created internally in React when rendering. These instances are reused in subsequent renders, and can be accessed in your component methods as this
. The only way to get a handle to a React Component instance outside of React is by storing the return value of React.renderComponent
. Inside other Components, you may use refs to achieve the same result.
setState(object nextState[, function callback])
Merges nextState with the current state. This is the primary method you use to trigger UI updates from event handlers and server request callbacks. In addition, you can supply an optional callback function that is executed once setState
is completed and the component is re-rendered.
Notes:
NEVER mutate
this.state
directly, as callingsetState()
afterwards may replace the mutation you made. Treatthis.state
as if it were immutable.
setState()
does not immediately mutatethis.state
but creates a pending state transition. Accessingthis.state
after calling this method can potentially return the existing value.There is no guarantee of synchronous operation of calls to
setState
and calls may be batched for performance gains.
setState()
will always trigger a re-render unless conditional rendering logic is implemented inshouldComponentUpdate()
. If mutable objects are being used and the logic cannot be implemented inshouldComponentUpdate()
, callingsetState()
only when the new state differs from the previous state will avoid unnecessary re-renders.
replaceState(object nextState[, function callback])
Like setState()
but deletes any pre-existing state keys that are not in nextState.
forceUpdate([function callback])
If your render()
method reads from something other than this.props
or this.state
, you'll need to tell React when it needs to re-run render()
by calling forceUpdate()
. You'll also need to call forceUpdate()
if you mutate this.state
directly.
Calling forceUpdate()
will cause render()
to be called on the component and its children, but React will still only update the DOM if the markup changes.
Normally you should try to avoid all uses of forceUpdate()
and only read from this.props
and this.state
in render()
. This makes your application much simpler and more efficient.
DOMElement getDOMNode()
If this component has been mounted into the DOM, this returns the corresponding native browser DOM element. This method is useful for reading values out of the DOM, such as form field values and performing DOM measurements. When render
returns null
or false
, this.getDOMNode()
returns null
.
bool isMounted()
isMounted()
returns true if the component is rendered into the DOM, false otherwise. You can use this method to guard asynchronous calls to setState()
or forceUpdate()
.
ReactComponent transferPropsTo(ReactComponent targetComponent)
Transfer properties from this component to a target component that have not already been set on the target component. After the props are updated, targetComponent
is returned as a convenience. This function is useful when creating simple HTML-like components:
var Avatar = React.createClass({
render: function() {
return this.transferPropsTo(
<img src={"/avatars/" + this.props.userId + ".png"} userId={null} />
);
}
});
// <Avatar userId={17} width={200} height={200} />
Properties that are specified directly on the target component instance (such as src
and userId
in the above example) will not be overwritten by transferPropsTo
.
Note:
Use
transferPropsTo
with caution; it encourages tight coupling and makes it easy to accidentally introduce implicit dependencies between components. When in doubt, it's safer to explicitly copy the properties that you need onto the child component.
setProps(object nextProps[, function callback])
When you're integrating with an external JavaScript application you may want to signal a change to a React component rendered with React.renderComponent()
.
Though calling React.renderComponent()
again on the same node is the preferred way to update a root-level component, you can also call setProps()
to change its properties and trigger a re-render. In addition, you can supply an optional callback function that is executed once setProps
is completed and the component is re-rendered.
Note:
When possible, the declarative approach of calling
React.renderComponent()
again is preferred; it tends to make updates easier to reason about. (There's no significant performance difference between the two approaches.)This method can only be called on a root-level component. That is, it's only available on the component passed directly to
React.renderComponent()
and none of its children. If you're inclined to usesetProps()
on a child component, instead take advantage of reactive updates and pass the new prop to the child component when it's created inrender()
.
replaceProps(object nextProps[, function callback])
Like setProps()
but deletes any pre-existing props instead of merging the two objects.